\RɖłڂꂽJ^h

gɌAArWA\R

Zɑق΂肵ĐEjƕ׋Ȃ̂ŁȀ\RƂ̂̓CXkɑ΂Ă̂݌ꂽ̂ƎvĂB

ƂłȂAArWA\RipEAlbigensian CrusadejƂ̂1209NɂA1244NɃZM[iMontsegurj̒̕ɂR邪ח܂ł̔I߂ɂ킽đALXgْ̈[J^h̐lXAނ𓽂lBʋsEB

J^hƂ͂ǂvzْ[̂A[}@CmPeBEX3͂ǂăJ^hł悤Ƃ̂AArWA\R͒Nǂ̂悤ɂăJ^h|̂ǍJ^h͂ǂȂ̂B̓_𒲂ׂĂ݂̂ŁAǂ킸ɃVbt[hŏĂ݂B

J^iEcathare pEcatharjƂ̂̓MVKatharosiȁAȁjɗRƂ̂BkC^AAtXɋ}ɍL܂AtX̃AriAlbijƂœɎx҂̂ŃArWAiAlbgeoisjhƂĂ΂B

Ar܂ޒtXт̓OhNƌĂ΂ꂽB̒nł́AktXŎgtXɔׂĂ胉eɋ߂tbB̌t̓INiocjƌĂ΂ꂽ̂ŁA̒nLangue-d'ocƂBȂ݂ɁAAr̒́A|X^[̐҂ƂĒmgD[[Y[gbN̐܂ꂽƂłB

kɑ郍[k삪nCɗꍞނ肩琼ɍLnAɃJ^h̐M҂Aփ{h[܂őEYE~fB^͉ɃxWGAǓssJJb\kAgD[[YȂǁAArWA\RXɏPB~fB^͂̓sl[R̊Ԃʂ蔲ă{h[܂őB

̒n}ArWA\RWn悪킩B

FEINJ^h_Ă

12lƂi10lƂ邪͂ǂjJ^ĥ߂̃ArWA\ŔA1209N6ɏWA[kɉĐiRBxWGiBeziersjA悻365LA721ɂ͒B

̒n}A}ZCE̒[ɂ邪AxWG͂^ɍsƂɂAnCƃsl[Rɂ͂܂ꂽBMIDI^͗sLƂʐ^̋L̂ŁAȂtX͋̕C𖡂Ă݂̂܂ꋻB

\ŔȀZɑ΂ăJ^h̐M҂n悤ɗvBƂɁAJgbNM҂xWǴA݂ł̗vۂB722A\R͒ɍUߓAƂԂɒ̂BsEn܂B

@́wƂĐsĂ[}@̓gAm[ɁARmu˂AJ^h̐M҂ƃJgbN̐M҂ǂČ̂ƁBAm[̓qXebNɓB

uFEIiJ^hǂ́j_Ƃ猩Ăv

̐͒肩łȂA1l2̏ZEꂽƂB200lقǂ̃J^h̐M҂E߂ɁB1213NɏꂽArWA\Rɂ‚Ă̋L^ɂƁȀŹAJ^hM҂ł͕KȂ̂ɁAJ^hƂƂɎꂸɎEĂƂB̒̐lB́ACGXƃ}O_̃}AlƂƂMĂƂB傤ǁA722͐}Ai}O_j̓B

xWG̋sĚA1209N81A\R̓I[h͉̒JJ\kiCarcassonnejɓBJJ\k͋łȏǓssŁAxWG̉\𕷂Ă瓦ẴJ^h̐lŖcĂB30߂Əǂň͂܂ꂽJJ\k̒́Aʂď\R̍U𗽂邾낤B

lXREŸJJ\k̒̑SiA̎ʐ^ǂB

REe̓앧OhbN

XyC̖kAtXƂ̍ɈʒuÃAS̃yhQ̂߂ɃJJ\kɗBJJ\k̓gJxƂ̗̒nAAS̔݌쉺ɂB@gAm[͊łɒ₵Ayh͓{ăASɖ߂B

\R͍UJnBAw֕ɏoĂ悤Ȑ킢̂낤BTrebuchetMangonneauȂǂ̓΋@gĂ̏闎BQlɁA̓‚̓΋@̃XPb`AɂĒuB

Us̃JJ\k݂̎͐B̕⋋H₽ꂽǓsśATԌɍ~BJ^hM҂ی삵ĊeAgJxƂ̗̎A኱QT΂̃EWFR͗H‚ARɎ񂾁BJJ\kł͑sE͋NȂBJ^hM҂܂߂ďZ͕ꂽB

ArWA\ŘR̃[_[̈lAVEhEtH[SJJ\kAArAxWGnт̗L邱ƂɂȂB̋RmB̑́A@̑̒nɋȂAktX֖߂B

łƁAArWA\R̋NwiA킩͈͂ł܂Ƃ߂Ă݂B

A@肪傫BJ^h̍l͌ɂڂ邪ÁAJgbN̎xzɑ΂ēs̈_ȒPɏqׂBJ^hɂ΁A̐ē͈̂̐_ɂĐݏoꂽ̂ŁA͑P̐_ɑ̂Őn̐Ă΂~BA~邽߂ɎiՂ@KvƂȂBOm[VXIȔzB_ւ̒҂sKvƂĺA[}@MƂJgbÑnCA[L[ɂƂẮAɍB

tX̔rIɉhA[}@ɂƂĂ͋CɓȂBOhbNńA܂[}@ʗpĂBɑ΂āAktXł̓tNl̕łubNXETJvƂ@TB̓tX̐EЉI͋C̃TCgŕ`ʂĂ̂ŁAȉpB

OhbO͐kƂ͈قȂAʈӎ̂Ȃn悾BMVAlAtFjLAlA_lACXkǂ炵Ă̂B_l͔Qǂ납A̎傩ocږ܂ꂽAiɂȂ҂܂łBK̈ႢقƂǂȂB_ẑ悤ȋJIKȂB͎R̂́B@̓[}@B{ӂ閯OBȕƏƁB[bpōłhnBꂪOhbN̂B
V̒YKA̎EeExAԑRƂJgbN͎捞ޏpmȂBv́AB̏isꂪǂǂƐNHėĂƌƂ낤BCrusadeƂ`ʼn‚悤AƖ@CmPeBEX͍lɈႢȂB

JJ\kUk邱Ƃ悻2NA1207NACmPeBEXJ^h̓gɖꂽAm[́A͂߂邽߁AVg[h̃sG[EhELXem[tXEgD[[Ỹ6̂ƂɑBOqAJJ\kō邱ƂɂȂAEWF3̏fɂB

6́A̗̖쒀Ă̓ɂȂȂƍlAςƃJ^hQۂBJXeBm[̓̔jvA1207N5ɁA͔jƂȂB

1208N1AJXeBm[ƃ̓voXōēxbBl荇̖ʂɏIBAJXeBm[͎̂ƂȂĔꂽB̑hqɈÎEꂽɈႢȂB@CmPeBEX3͓{苶AArWA\Rv̂BJ^hƋɁAJ^hi삷MłڂBD̓y͐̂҂ɗ^Ɩ񑩂ꂽB

xWGAJJ\kA~lxAeXAXƐ́AD𑱂ArWA\RgD[YɍU߂Ă͎̂Ԃ̖肾B

J^h̋`|̕E͈̐_̑n

ExgEG[ŔuKN̖Ovɂ̉fAԂOɊςAł̓J^hA{S~hA@hhȂǂْ̈[̂ƂoĂAƂEGbuTCgɏĂB̉f܂ςĂ݂ȂB

āA12A13IɈْ[ƂꂽJ^hA{S~hA@hhȂǂ͂Ȃ苤ʂlĂB狳h̋ʓ_ŁALXgْ͈[ƂvfƂ͉H

܂APƈ̓񌳘_B񌳘_́A3Î͂߂ɃCl}jɂđnnꂽ}jɗRƌB}j͕A_ALXgȂǂꂱ̗vfĎ̋`nBꂽE@Ƃ邪Ảe̓J^h܂߂ɎcĂB

J^h̓񌳘_ɂɒ[Ȃ̂牸₩Ȃ̂܂ł悤Av_́AlB̏ZތE̐_̑nƂBl̍isoulj́A_̑n̂̒Ɏ̗̂~]ɘf킳ĂB

Ă錻̕E͊{IɈieviljȂ̂ƂAl̖̐ړI͂Ȃ񂾂낤B̑̂܂߂ĕEł邱ƂF邱ƁAĂ甲oVE̗ispiritǰɖ߂ƂłB

ǂāAVE̗ɖ߂邱ƂôBnA֗~ACsłB𐴏򉻁ipurifyj邱ƁBOɐGꂽ悤ɁAJ^̌ꌹ̓MVAKatharosiȁAjłB̕EŁAo邾𐴂ۂAVE̗ƍꂷ邱Ƃɋ~B

J^hɂ͌Vʉ߂PerfectiiSȎҁjƒʏ̐M҂łCredentes̋ʂBPerfectiɂȂׂɂ́AConsolamentumiԂ߂̋VHjƂ̐󂯂ŁAYLAEEHׂǍ₿A킢Ȃ𑗂˂΂ȂȂB

PerfectiAケ̈̐E~BPerfecti̍͂̓̂AV̗̂Ƃɖ߂BPerfectiłȂ҂́A‚܂~Ȃ҂́A܂̈̕Eɖ߂Âɏh邱ƂɂȂB̕ӂ͕̗։vzB

PerfectiEnduraiEsHjƂߍȋVsBHۂAQɎVłB

_ntXlvzƁAV[kEFCiSimone WeiljxjŎ񂾂̂1943N8Aޏ̔N4ɔxj̐ff󂯂ĂAHقƂǐۂȂƂbǂ񂾂ƂBޏ̓J^hɌX|Ă̂ŁAƔޏ̎EnduraiEsjȂBႦ΁Aޏ͎̂悤ɌĂB

OhbN̐lBiJ^hj̐_̖{̓MVA̐_̂ƓBRA]B̑̂킳鎞s^SXIȒa𐶂ށBAa”\Ȃ̂͏Ȏғm̏ꍇB

ĺAS̒SŐΓIȑP‚ł]ĂAȂ̂͂̐ɂ͂Ȃ̂BABΓIȑPɂǂ蒅@ƂA͈ƎɌčsƁ‚̊Ԃ̏LׂĎ̂ĂĂƁB

J^h̋`|_m̂ɋ͕KvȂ

OAJ^ȟےƋ֗~`ɂ‚ĐGꂽAނɐĂ킯A̐M҂̏ꍇA̓NwOʂɉô͎𒼑OɂĂ炾BConsolamentumiԂ߂̋Vj󂯂̂͒ʏ펀o債ĂŁA܂ł͌ALYĐĂBA̕ȆB}邽߂ADƑ‘قsꂽ悤łBɂ‚ẮA֎~ĂƂ΁AeFĂƂBOɂGꂽȀ@ɑ΂Ă͊eŁA_ltX̎ЉɍL󂯓ĂB

āAJ^hْ[ƂꂽRɖ߂낤BF̓񌳘_ŌE̎Yƍl邱Ƃ̈B̓́ADocetismiLXgjƂAJ^hȂǃOm[VXIȏ@h̍lB̓JgbN̎Oʈ̐̃hO}ɓěƂ܂ȂB

LXgł́ACGXg̓̂AɂȂĎɁAĕƂhO}͔ے肳B̐Ȇ͈n̂łAP̐_̐EŎۂɂȂ蕜킯͂ȂB_͏ȗȂ̂‚Ƃ͂ȂB‚܂CGXƂ̂͐lԂɌ[^邽߂̐_̎gҁA_̉ۂɉ߂ȂB

LXg̃J^h͂A\˂Ȃ񂩂ǂł悭ApԂǂCGX̌ĝ̏ےƂĎgTNgiA`Ȃǂ̔ցj̋V󂯓ȂB\˂Ȃւے肷J^hA͐hJgbNɂ͋ȂƂB

JgbNɂƂĂɋȂƁBJ^h͈ll̐M‚ɏduAƂ̈ʊK̕Kvے肵BJgbN̎łipurgatoryjƂƍߕiindulgencejƂ~̊TOےBAsĂJgbÑnCG[L[{ے肵lB

̓_͏dvB̖lBɂ͂ƑzłȂAuO͒nɗvƍꂽA[}@j傳ꂽ肷邱Ƃ́A̐̐lBɂƂĂ͎ʂhƂɈႢȂBA̋̃WbNSے肷ɂ͑ςȗECKvBȂ݂ɁAtXk̏򂪃ArWA\RɎQR̈‚́AQ邱Ƃɂč߂Ƃ̖@̖񑩂B

JgbNÃJ^h̍lłɒڂƂ́AjɍsnĂƂƂB̂𖾓B

J^h̒j

N獡NɂĂ̑xXgZ[u_r`ER[hv́Al̂悤ȃLXgs܂߂đ̐lɁAJgbN̏}̗jɌ𓖂ă}O_̃}ÁuvĂꂽB

JgbN̒jڂ͑Iȃ_ɗR̂낤Bi_Ɍ炸AIȎЉł͒jڂƂȂ̂낤BCjVA`uЉʔbĂB

_̐TA񐹏̑nLɞHAuȂ_́AyiA_}j̐oŐliA_j`ÂEEEl甲΂獜ŏ𑢂グꂽv

_̐Eł́AEC͒jEA_ʂႭAjɏ]҂ƂꂽAĵ΂獜瑢炽̂BƂđhꂽȀ@IV̏ł͉̖ȂB͒j̋CU炷ƂRŁAViS[Oi_̋jł̗q͒jʁX̕ōsBȂ͕vƑqɃg[[i̍ŏ̌܏=@̏j׋悤Ɋ߂邪AȂƖ͕׋KvȂƂꂽBv́AȂƂɎcAsɏođ̒jBm𓾂B͒mIɂ̓IɂjɗĂƂꂽB#1

ɑ΂Ό́ALXg̊OT̒Ń}O_̃}A邢͏ʂɑ΂yepĚtƂČĂB
VEyeiÃ[}@ƂjނɌAu}ni}O_̃}Aj͎B̂Ƃ狎ق悢B͐ɒlȂłvig}X̕@114j#2
i}O_̃}AACGX̌ACGX̌t𕷂bjAhAu}AȂƌƁA͋~傪ȊȂƂƂ͐MȂBvyeɑAu~傪B̒mȂƂŁABďȂ񂩂ƌt킷ƎvH̏̌ƂMƂ̂H~͎B肠̏̂قƂ̂Hvi}A̕j#3
zŕĂABF萹̉߂Ă悢BipEuRglւ̎莆v1-11:3-15j[zŕ̂́A̐Eɍ߂񂾃C̒p̏؂ƂĂׂĂ̏ɉȂB܂AޏB͈ӎvȂ̂ŁA̓Vg̘f킳Ȃ悤ɂ邽߁AƍlꂽB]
CGX̌p҂Ƃ݂Ȃꂽyeɂ‚ẮA܂ʂ̋@ɂƔᔻAł̈p炩Ȃ悤ɁAye̓_̎ccCGX̐MkBނ̑bƂȂĊmJgbN_̒jڂcĂĂAsvc͂ȂB

ɑ΂āAJ^h͂Ώ@v̐삯B

uKAōL܂{S~hƓli邢́A{S~he󂯂ājAJ^hł͒j͂قڕB͋c̃[_[ɂȂꂽE҂ɂȂꂽBj̓̂̋ʂ͈_̈ɉ߂Ȃ̂A̋ʂłĐl̏‚̂͂B~ēV̗ɖ߂ɂ́A̋ʂ͈Ӗ𖳂ƁAl̂낤B

11I13Iɂē앧ōL܂goh[ƃJ^h̊֌W錤҂ȂȂBVl̍i̒ł́AB͒j̖lł͂Ȃh̑ΏۂBJ^h̒jςeƂ̂BiƂAオႦΏq͏̗̎ԂƌAႦΎO}aq́ůvvBjɁA̎loƂA̎ЉÏ‚B#4

#1@The Redemption of Eve by Jolene Edmunds Rockwood ihttp://home.uchicago.edu/~spackman/RedemptionofEve.pdfj
#2@g}Xɂ镟@r䌣@iukЁA1994Nj
#3@Beyond belief by Elaine Pagels iRandom House, 2003Njٖ
#4@Bogomils, Cathars, Lollards and the High Social Position of Women during the Middle Ages by Georgi Vasilev ihttp://facta.junis.ni.ac.yu/facta/pas/pas2000/pas2000-02.pdfj

ZM[ɏJ^h

1209NɎn܂ArWA\ŔA‚̐IA@I]̔wiɂBtX̒nɍL܂LXgْ̈[J^hłڂAJgbN̏@IeƂA[}@CmPeBEX3̖]B‚́AICꌗ̖ktX͂AgD[[YƂ𒆐SƂtXEIbNꌗ̗̓yɓ悤Ƃ]B

1229NA܂ŒRĂgD[Ỹ7́AɃArWA\R̍UɋAJ^h̒Ǔɋ͂邱ƁAgD[Y̖hqƁA𖾓nƂȂǂ񑩂BɂAOhbNn̓Ɨ͏IAtX̎xzɓB1229N11ɃgD[YɈْ[RiInquisitionjݒ肳ꂽB

ْ[R̒ǂ𓦂ꂽJ^h́AZM[iMontsegurjɓ񂾁B30l̋Rm150l̕m܂߂Ė500lĘUBJgbNũViS[OvƌĂ΂ꂽRB̂ƂevRmcZM[Ƃ`B

J^hAڂ̑3ŐGꂽJJ\k쓌ւ悻80LAZM[̓sl[R̘[ɂBtX̒S◣Ă邽߁AArWA\R̐\NԂ̐NUɂS炸ÂƂ܂ŐNUƂĂB

W1207m̊Riʐ^Aj̒ɏ邪ƂBݎcĂՁiʐ^Bj́Aŋ߂̒Łi1964N|1976NjAArWA\R̂̂ł͂ȂƂB
ʐ^ Aʐ^ Bʐ^ C
ʐ^NbNƎ኱gŌ܂B

1243NɎn܂͍͍ɂ߂BȓΊ˒ɂ܂ʼn^яグ邱ƂłȂ̂B1244N1AɎR̖k̒nD\ŔAΊiʐ^ Cj̍UōԂɌďXɐiłB

1244N3AZM[̗̎sG[=WFE~v͂ƂƂ~邱Ƃ߁A\Rƍ~񂾁BJ^M‚̂ĂΒPȂǕōςށArIȂ̂B

wǂ̃J^PerfectiiVʉ߂uSȎҁvj͂M‚̂Ă邱ƂۂB΂肩AbARmAmȂǂ̒A26lConsolamentumiԂ߂̋Vj󂯃J^ɋA˂邱ƂI񂾁B

~‚̋xԂ̑OɁAl̃J^hM҂R𔲂oƂB̎ނ炪J^̔oƂ̂Ǎ̐t`̂ƂɂȂĂB

t`̓i`̋䂫Ai`X̃Ibg[E[͐t`ƃJ^̌qƂ2̏B1982NɏołꂽuHoly Blood, Holy GrailikVg[̓@CGX̌Ɛt`jvł̓J^h̎o@Ƃ̓CGX̉ƌv}łƂB

1244N316̒AM‚̂Ă邱Ƃۂ200lÕJ^hM҂AZM[̓쑤̎ΖʂāApӂꂽt̏Yɐg𓊂B

RƊëw̕𐁂ċĂAJ^hBXyC̃CXk⃆_l̃Jo`ҒBƂlbg[NAt`evRmcɂւAVlƂ‚BJ^h͂₪ė@v̐삯ƂȂB̎vz̐Ղ̓Om[VX`ɂoBJ^hɂ‚ẴEGbuTCg͐A̓`͐lX̋߂炦Ă܂ȂB

J^h́AEEEłł͂ȂB